Prof. Dr. Robert Reinecke

My research focuses on global groundwater in the context of global hydrological modeling. I'm interested in surface water body to groundwater interaction, human impact on groundwater resources and the impact of climate change on the hydrological cycle.

Publications on ResearchGate

2026

Reinecke, R., Ackermann, S., Nyenah, E., et al. (2026). High Uncertainties in Simulating and Evaluating Gaining and Losing Streams at Large Spatial Scales. In Wiley. DOI
Frieler, K., Lange, S., Schewe, J., et al. (2026). Scenario set-up and the new CMIP6-based climate-related forcings provided within the third round of the Inter-Sectoral Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP3b, group I and II). GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT, 19(10), 4095-4135. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Nolte, A., Bender, S., Hartmann, J., et al. (2026). Coastal groundwater-level trends reveal global susceptibility to seawater intrusion. NATURE WATER, 4(5), 673-682. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Popat, E., Reinecke, R., Hartmann, A. (2026). Quantifying groundwater drought hazards with the groundwater level deficit anomaly index (GLDAI). HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL, 34(3), 557-571. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Brakebusch, I., Reinecke, R. (2026). Advancing our understanding of water quality requires a multi-scale approach to groundwater-surface water connections. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Bäthge, A., Reinecke, R. (2026). Quantifying the impact of climate drivers on groundwater dynamics in diverse environmental settings and heterogeneous time series data – a method comparison. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Cortes, P., Vega, J., Reinecke, R., Ozturk, U. (2026). Beyond Coarse Data: Soil Thickness and Rainfall forLandslide Hazard Modelling. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Nazari, S., Reinecke, R., Moosdorf, N. (2026). Reconceptualizing global groundwater risk beyond stress metrics. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Nyenah, E., Lei, K., Flörke, M., et al. (2026). The value of high model resolution for streamflow in small and large near-natural European river basins. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R. (2026). Uncertainties in modelling global groundwater availability. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Bäthge, A., Noack, D., et al. (2026). A prototype Open-Source data-processing pipeline to efficiently combine in-situ data with remote-sensing observations of the Earth. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Stein, L., Kularathne, N., Reinecke, R., et al. (2026). Using river flood event drivers for model-intercomparison – a process-based analysis of global water models. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Bathge, A., Vargas, C. R., Lischeid, G., et al. (2026). A Global-Scale Time Series Dataset for Groundwater Studies within the Earth System. SCIENTIFIC DATA, 13(1). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Nazari, S., Reinecke, R., De Graaf, I. E. M., et al. (2026). Societal vulnerability amplifies the severity of global groundwater risk and creates latent hotspots. In Springer Science and Business Media LLC. DOI
Reinecke, R., Akhter, T., Bathge, A., et al. (2026). The ISIMIP groundwater sector: a framework for ensemble modeling of global change impacts on groundwater. GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT, 19(1), 523-542. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Saccò, M., Allan, C., Griebler, C., et al. (2026). Groundwater ecosystem services: social-ecological insights. In Advances in Chemical Pollution, Environmental Management and Protection. Elsevier. DOI

2025

Reinecke, R., Ackermann, S., Nyenah, E., et al. (2025). High Uncertainties in Simulating and Evaluating Gaining and Losing Streams at Large Spatial Scales. In Wiley. DOI
Nyenah, E., Doell, P., Floerke, M., et al. (2025). The process and value of reprogramming a legacy global hydrological model. GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT, 18(17), 5635-5653. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Huggins, X., Gleeson, T., Famiglietti, J. S., et al. (2025). A review of open data for studying global groundwater in social-ecological systems. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 20(9). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Nazari, S., Reinecke, R., Moosdorf, N. (2025). Global estimates of groundwater withdrawal trends and uncertainties. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 20(9). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Akhter, T., Pokhrel, Y., Felfelani, F., et al. (2025). Implications of Lateral Groundwater Flow Across Varying Spatial Resolutions in Global Land Surface Modeling. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 61(7). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Sacco, M., Huggins, X., Martinez, A., Reinecke, R. (2025). Collaborative Science for Groundwater Biodiversity Conservation. GROUNDWATER, 63(4), 450-451. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Reinecke, R., Stein, L., Gnann, S., et al. (2025). Uncertainties as a Guide for Global Water Model Advancement. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-WATER, 12(3). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Reinecke, R., Bäthge, A., Dietrich, R., et al. (2025). The ISIMIP Groundwater Sector: A Framework for Ensemble Modeling of Global Change Impacts on Groundwater. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Vu, T., Reinecke, R., Lorenz, C., et al. (2025). Best practice for transforming an inter-institutional research on climate services into an operational system referring Technology Readiness Level (TRL) . In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Kularathne, N., Wagener, T., Reinecke, R., et al. (2025). Process-based evaluation of flood events across global water models. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Nyenah, E., Döll, P., Flörke, M., et al. (2025). The Process and Value of Reprogramming a Legacy Global Hydrological Model. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Thöne, C., Bäthge, A., Reinecke, R. (2025). The effects of different statistical indicators in the new decision-tree-based SONAR algorithm for automated detection of functional relationships in Big Earth Data. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Nyenah, E., Döll, P., Flörke, M., et al. (2025). The Process and Value of Reprogramming a Legacy Global Hydrological Model. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Nyenah, E., Döll, P., Flörke, M., et al. (2025). Supplementary material to "The Process and Value of Reprogramming a Legacy Global Hydrological Model". In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Adam, M., Kleinen, T., May, M. M., Rehfeld, K. (2025). Land conversions not climate effects are the dominant indirect consequence of sun-driven CO<sub>2</sub> capture, conversion, and sequestration. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 20(3). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Zamrsky, D., Ruzzante, S., Compare, K., et al. (2025). Current trends and biases in groundwater modelling using the community-driven groundwater model portal (GroMoPo). HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL, 33(2), 355-366. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Reinecke, R., Stein, L., Gnann, S., et al. (2025). Uncertainties as a Guide for Global Water Model Advancement. In California Digital Library (CDL). DOI
Huggins, X., Gleeson, T., Famiglietti, J., et al. (2025). A review of open data for studying global groundwater in social-ecological systems. In California Digital Library (CDL). DOI
Kretschmer, D. V., Michael, H. A., Moosdorf, N., et al. (2025). Controls on coastal saline groundwater across North America. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 20(2). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Kretschmer, D. V., Michael, H. A., Moosdorf, N., et al. (2025). A Perceptual Model of Drivers and Limiters of Coastal Groundwater Dynamics. HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, 39(1). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Kretschmer, D., Moosdorf, N., Michael, H., et al. (2025). Revealing dominant controls in a continental-scale model of submarine groundwater discharge and seawater intrusion by utilizing intrinsic model variability. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Pianosi, F., Bloomfield, H., Coxon, G., et al. (2025). Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis: new purposes, new users, new challenges. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Pianosi, F., Wagener, T. (2025). Towards understanding dominant controls on Earth system processes across observations and models. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Vu, T., Reinecke, R., Abbasi, N., et al. (2025). Conceptualization and implementation of a global drought monitoring and forecasting system within the HydroSOS framework. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI

2024

Nyenah, E., Doell, P., Katz, D. S., and Reinecke, R. (2024). Software sustainability of global impact models. GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT, 17(23), 8593-8611. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Reinecke, R., Pianosi, F., and Wagener, T. (2024). How to use the impossible map – Considerations for a rigorous exploration of Digital Twins of the Earth. Socio-Environmental Systems Modelling, 6, 18786-18786. DOI
Reinecke, R., Gnann, S., Stein, L., et al. (2024). Uncertainty in model estimates of global groundwater depth. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 19(11). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Kretschmer, D., Michael, H., Moosdorf, N., et al. (2024). Controls on coastal saline groundwater across North America. In California Digital Library (CDL). DOI
Moosdorf, N., Tschaikowski, J., Kretschmer, D., Reinecke, R. (2024). A global coastal permeability dataset (CoPerm 1.0). SCIENTIFIC DATA, 11(1). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Silva, R. C. G., Reinecke, R., Copty, N. K., et al. (2024). Multi-decadal groundwater observations reveal surprisingly stable levels in southwestern Europe. COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT, 5(1). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Nyenah, E., Döll, P., Katz, D. S., Reinecke, R. (2024). Software sustainability of global impact models. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Nyenah, E., Döll, P., Katz, D. S., Reinecke, R. (2024). Supplementary material to "Software sustainability of global impact models". In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Sacco, M., Mammola, S., Altermatt, F., et al. (2024). Groundwater is a hidden global keystone ecosystem. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 30(1). DOI Author/Publisher URL

2023

Reinecke, R., Gnann, S., Stein, L., et al. (2023). Considerable gaps in our global knowledge of potential groundwater accessibility. In California Digital Library (CDL). DOI
Gnann, S., Reinecke, R., Stein, L., et al. (2023). Functional relationships reveal differences in the water cycle representation of global water models. NATURE WATER, 1(12). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Kohrs, F. E., Auer, S., Bannach-Brown, A., et al. (2023). Eleven strategies for making reproducible research and open science training the norm at research institutions. ELIFE, 12. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Ben-Salem, N., Reinecke, R., Copty, N. K., et al. (2023). Mapping steady-state groundwater levels in the Mediterranean region: The Iberian Peninsula as a benchmark. JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY, 626. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Zipper, S., Befus, K. M., Reinecke, R., et al. (2023). GroMoPo: A Groundwater Model Portal for Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) Modeling. GROUNDWATER, 61(6), 764-767. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Reinecke, R., Pianosi, F., Wagener, T. (2023). Technical Report - Methods: Automated Discovery of Functional Relationships in Earth Systems Data. In Wiley. DOI
Link, A., El-Hokayem, L., Usman, M., et al. (2023). Groundwater-dependent ecosystems at risk - global hotspot analysis and implications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 18(9). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Zipper, S., Befus, K., Reinecke, R., et al. (2023). GroMoPo: A Groundwater Model Portal for Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) modeling. In California Digital Library (CDL). DOI
Kupzig, J., Reinecke, R., Pianosi, F., et al. (2023). Towards parameter estimation in global hydrological models. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 18(7). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Kretschmer, D., Michael, H. A., Moosdorf, N., et al. (2023). Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Seawater Intrusion: Two sides of the same coin that are rarely studied simultaneously. In Wiley. DOI
Gnann, S., Reinecke, R., Stein, L., et al. (2023). Functional relationships reveal differences in the water cycle representation of global water models. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Moosdorf, N., Reinecke, R., Befus, K. (2023). Global hydro(geo)logical modeling: are we missing an uncanny valley?. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Nyenah, E., Reinecke, R., Döll, P. (2023). Towards a sustainable utilization of the global hydrological research software WaterGAP. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Pianosi, F., Wagener, T. (2023). Towards better identification of dominant controls in Earth system data. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Strahl, D., Reinecke, R., Wagener, T. (2023). FORESTER – Interactive visualization of tree-based machine learning. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Zamrsky, D., Zipper, S., Reinecke, R., et al. (2023). Groundwater Model Portal (GroMoPo) – collecting and sharing groundwater model information in a standardized open-access database. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Gnann, S., Reinecke, R., Stein, L., et al. (2023). Functional relationships reveal differences in the water cycle representation of global water models. In California Digital Library (CDL). DOI
West, C., Reinecke, R., Rosolem, R., et al. (2023). Ground truthing global-scale model estimates of groundwater recharge across Africa. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 858. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Kretschmer, D., Wachholz, A., Reinecke, R. (2023). Global groundwater in the Anthropocene. In Groundwater Ecology and Evolution (pp. 483-500). Elsevier. DOI

2022

Chavez Garcia Silva, R., Ben-Salem, N., Reinecke, R., et al. (2022). Understanding groundwater drivers in the Mediterranean region using a combination of modeling and in-situ data at a regional scale. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Jomaa, S., Ben-Salem, N., Chávez, R., et al. (2022). Inclusive and resilient groundwater assessment towards sustainable development in the Mediterranean region. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Wagener, T., Reinecke, R., Pianosi, F. (2022). On the evaluation of climate change impact models. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-CLIMATE CHANGE, 13(3). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Reinecke, R., Trautmann, T., Wagener, T., Schueler, K. (2022). The critical need to foster computational reproducibility. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 17(4). DOI Author/Publisher URL
Ben-Salem, N., Reinecke, R., P. Karatzas, G., et al. (2022). Combining a global groundwater model ensemble with in-situ data for groundwater assessment in the Mediterranean region&amp;#160;. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Chavez Garcia Silva, R., Reinecke, R., Varouchakis, E., et al. (2022). Identification of large-scale aquifer behavior across three decades of groundwater storage change in the western Mediterranean region. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Kretschmer, D., Reinecke, R., Moosdorf, N., et al. (2022). Understanding coastal groundwater processes in a changing climate: A perceptual model of global-scale coastal groundwater dynamics. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Pianosi, F., Wagener, T. (2022). Rigorous Exploration of Complex Environmental Models to Advance Scientific Understanding. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Trautmann, T., Wagener, T. (2022). The Critical Need to Foster Reproducibility in Computational Geoscience. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI

2021

Ben-Salem, N., Reinecke, R., Gómez-Hernández, J. J., et al. (2021). Groundwater assessment in the Mediterranean region: Regional modelling and in-situ data across scales. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Chavez Garcia Silva, R., Reinecke, R., Varouchakis, E., et al. (2021). Long-term groundwater database and assessment for the Mediterranean region. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Kretschmer, D., Reinecke, R., Gerner, A., Disse, M. (2021). Projections of groundwater recharge changes in the Mediterranean: Uncertainties of simulating groundwater recharge in global hydrological models. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Pianosi, F., Wagener, T. (2021). Uncertainty attribution in global hydrological models. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Trautmann, T., Wagener, T., Schüler, K. (2021). A Community Perspective on Research Software in the Hydrological Sciences&amp;#160;. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Schmied, H. M., Caceres, D., Eisner, S., et al. (2021). The global water resources and use model WaterGAP v2.2d: model description and evaluation. GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT, 14(2), 1037-1079. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Reinecke, R., Schmied, H. M., Trautmann, T., et al. (2021). Uncertainty of simulated groundwater recharge at different global warming levels: a global-scale multi-model ensemble study. HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES, 25(2), 787-810. DOI Author/Publisher URL

2020

Reinecke, R. (2020). Response to RC1, RC2, and RC3. Published. DOI
Müller Schmied, H., Cáceres, D., Eisner, S., et al. (2020). The global water resources and use model WaterGAP v2.2d: Model description and evaluation. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Müller Schmied, H., Trautmann, T., et al. (2020). Uncertainty of simulated groundwater recharge at different global warming levels: A global-scale multi-model ensemble study. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Müller Schmied, H., Trautmann, T., et al. (2020). Supplementary material to "Uncertainty of simulated groundwater recharge at different global warming levels: A global-scale multi-model ensemble study". In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Wachholz, A., Mehl, S., et al. (2020). Importance of Spatial Resolution in Global Groundwater Modeling. GROUNDWATER, 58(3), 363-376. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Suggestions to clarify and expand the discussion. (2020). Published. DOI
Müller Schmied, H., Cáceres, D., Eisner, S., et al. (2020). The global freshwater availability and water use model WaterGAP 2.2d. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Müller Schmied, H., Döll, P. (2020). Changes of groundwater recharge at different global warming levels: A global-scale multi-model ensemble approach. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Wachholz, A., Jomaa, S., Büttner, O., et al. (2020). Assessing the impact of climate change on water quality and quantity in the Elbe catchment using an open-data driven approach. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI

2019

Reinecke, R., Foglia, L., Mehl, S., et al. (2019). Spatially distributed sensitivity of simulated global groundwater heads and flows to hydraulic conductivity, groundwater recharge, and surface water body parameterization. HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES, 23(11), 4561-4582. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Reinecke, R., Foglia, L., Mehl, S., et al. (2019). Challenges in developing a global gradient-based groundwater model (G<SUP>3</SUP>M v1.0) for the integration into a global hydrological model. GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT, 12(6), 2401-2418. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Reinecke, R. (2019). Response to RC1 and RC2. Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Foglia, L., Mehl, S., et al. (2019). Spatially distributed sensitivity of simulated global groundwater heads and flows to hydraulic conductivity, groundwater recharge and surface water body parameterization. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI

2018

Reinecke, R. (2018). Fixed citations of markup manuscript. Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R. (2018). Response to RC 1 and 2. Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R. (2018). Response to SC1. Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Foglia, L., Mehl, S., et al. (2018). Beyond the bucket – Developing a global gradient-based groundwater model (G <sup>3</sup> M v1.0) for a global hydrological model from scratch. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R., Foglia, L., Mehl, S., et al. (2018). Supplementary material to "Beyond the bucket – Developing a global gradient-based groundwater model (G <sup>3</sup> M v1.0) for a global hydrological model from scratch". In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Reinecke, R. (2018). G³M-f a global gradient-based groundwater modelling framwork. The Journal of Open Source Software, 3(22), 548-548. DOI

2016

Müller Schmied, H., Adam, L., Eisner, S., et al. (2016). Variations of global and continental water balance components as impacted by climate forcing uncertainty and human water use. In Copernicus GmbH. DOI
Mueller Schmied, H., Adam, L., Eisner, S., et al. (2016). Impact of climate forcing uncertainty and human water use on global and continental water balance components. WATER RESOURCES ASSESSMENT AND SEASONAL PREDICTION, 374, 53-62. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Mueller Schmied, H., Adam, L., Eisner, S., et al. (2016). Variations of global and continental water balance components as impacted by climate forcing uncertainty and human water use. HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES, 20(7), 2877-2898. DOI Author/Publisher URL

2015

Wichtlhuber, M., Reinecke, R., and Hausheer, D. (2015). An SDN-Based CDN/ISP Collaboration Architecture for Managing High-Volume Flows. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORK AND SERVICE MANAGEMENT, 12(1), 48-60. DOI Author/Publisher URL
Wichtlhuber, M., Kaup, F., Reinecke, R., et al. (2015). Demo: A Holistic Energy-Monitoring Framework for the IT Service Delivery Chain. PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2015 IFIP/IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTEGRATED NETWORK MANAGEMENT (IM), 1145-1146. Author/Publisher URL

Not dated

Reinecke, R. Grundwasserschutz – eine Einführung Bewahrt den unsichtbaren Schatz!. In politische ökologie (Issues 174). Oekom Verlag.